Technology Trends for 2025
Welcome to our annual report on the usage of the O’Reilly learning platform. It’s been an exciting year, dominated by a constant stream of breakthroughs and announcements in AI, and complicated by industry-wide layoffs. Generative AI gets better and better—bu…
## AI's Impact on Learning and Professional Development: A Deep Dive into 2024### Artificial Intelligence: The Game-ChangerThe year 2024 witnessed an unprecedented surge in AI's influence on the technological landscape. Generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), took center stage, leaving an indelible mark on numerous industries. Despite industry-wide layoffs, the demand for AI-related skills remained unabated.### Upskilling in the Age of AIWith AI's transformative potential, professionals and organizations alike recognized the need to adapt and upskill. Our platform data revealed a strong preference for AI-related content, led by Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Promp Engineering, and AI Principles. Significantly, GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer), a foundational AI model, experienced a notable decline in usage, indicating a shift toward more abstract and high-level knowledge.### The Rise of Data Engineering and Agentic ApplicationsArtificial intelligence relies heavily on data, underpinning various applications such as data analytics, database management, business intelligence, and data engineering. Data Lake architectures and Data Warehouse systems also gained traction. Agentic applications, driven by LangChain and other frameworks, emerged as a dominant use case in AI development. Rather than isolated models, agentic applications combine multiple AIs into synergistic systems that orchestrate complex actions.### Software Development: Embracing AI and Cloud NativeDespite AI's capabilities, programming languages remain essential. Python and C++ saw healthy growth, while Java and C exhibited slight declines. The fear of AI rendering programming obsolete proved unfounded. Instead, generative AI serves as a productivity tool, lowering the barrier to entry for beginners and empowering seasoned professionals alike. Cloud-native applications and platform engineering are shaping modern software development, minimizing cognitive overhead for developers.### IT Operations: Streamlining with Platform EngineeringVirtualization, automation, and cloud adoption continue to redefine IT operations. Terraform, Kubernetes, and associated certifications remained in demand, although Kubernetes saw a sharp decline from 2023. The rise of platform engineering presents new opportunities, reducing dependencies on traditional IT operations staff.### Security: A Company-Wide PrioritySecurity has garnered paramount importance, with increased focus on Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) and zero-trust architectures. Certifications like CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional) and CompTIA Security+ maintained their dominance. AI's growing role introduces new security challenges, highlighting the need for specialized certifications in AI security.### Professional Development: Communication and Engineering AheadProfessional development remains a high priority. Professional Communication skills and Engineering Leadership knowledge are increasingly sought after. Product Management, however, appears to have lost some momentum.### New Platform Initiatives: Badges, Quizzes, and AnswersOur platform's recent enhancements – badges, quizzes, and O'Reilly Answers – provide insights into user interests. Badges revealed Python as the most sought-after skill, followed by GPT and Generative AI. O'Reilly Answers, a generative AI-powered Q&A tool, complements search functionality by providing rich explanations backed by source citations.### The Coming Year: Preparing for the AI Revolution**AI in the Spotlight:** AI will continue to dominate the news, despite instances of disillusionment. Those effectively leveraging AI will spearhead innovation. Smaller open models are poised to make significant strides, often deployed via cloud services.**Security: The Balancing Act:** AI serves as both an asset and a liability in the security realm. Organizations must invest in AI-related security measures while addressing new vulnerabilities. A high-profile AI-driven cyberattack is anticipated in the near future.**Upskilling for the AI Era:** To embrace the AI revolution, professionals must develop AI literacy and proficiency. Training programs that empower individuals to effectively harness AI's capabilities are paramount.